2010年全国职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类（C级）(2)

　　2 The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors. About 3,700 transplant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, about 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs.

　　3 There are no age limits on who can be an organ donor. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are younger than 18, you must have a parent's or guardian's consent (同意). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card.

　　4 Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the emergency room staff won't work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have failed.

　　5 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list.Your name will become part of a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the organ , medical urgency(紧急) of the patient's illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(接受者) are considered.

　　23. Paragraph 2_______.

　　24. Paragraph 3 _______.

　　25. Paragraph 4 _______.

　　26. Paragraph 5 _______.

　　A. Quality of donated organ

　　B. Benefits of organ donation

　　C. Distribution of donated organs

　　D. Quality of donor medical care

　　E. Age limits of organ donation

　　F. Status of organ donation and transplantation

　　27. There is a great demand for _______.

　　28. Organ donors range in age from newboms to_______.

　　29. Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you've signed _______.

　　30. Various factors are considered when deciding on _______.

　　A. donated organs

　　B. the national waiting list

　　C. a donor card

　　D. senior citizens

　　E. all possible efforts

　　F. the most suitable candidate

　　第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。

　　第一篇

　　U. S. Eats Too Much Salt

　　People in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, govemment health experts said on Thursday.

　　They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than l,500 mg per day, yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day.

　　"It's important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattem that includes a diet low in sodium(钠) and rich in potassium(钾) and calcium(钙) can improve their blood pressure, " Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement.

　　" People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake , " Labarthe said.

　　The study in CDC's weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than l,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40-which are considered high-risk groups.

　　Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2005 - 2006 CDC estimate.

　　Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply.

　　Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5. 8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.

　　31. Too much salt raises one's risk for _________.

　　A. strokes

　　B. heart attacks

　　C. high blood pressure

　　D. all of the above

　　32. The recommended sodium intake for most U. S. adults is ________.

　　A. closer t0 3,500 mg per day

　　B. as much as 3,436 mg per day

　　C. no more than l,500 mg per day

　　D. less than 3,500 mg per day

　　33. A heart-healthy diet is one that contains ________.

　　A. a low level of sodium

　　B. a lot of potassium and calcium

　　C. no salt at all

　　D. both A and B

　　34. Nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups,________.

　　A. for they are inactive

　　B. for they are black or over the age of 40

　　C. for they frequently eat out

　　D. for they consume sodium every day

　　35. Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be

　　A. good in taste

　　B. low in price

　　C. poor in nutrition

　　D. high in salt

　　第二篇

　　Sino-Japan Animosity (敌意) Lessens

　　Chinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.